Rudder with horizontal axis



Sept. 21 1926.

R- MAINELLI RUDDER WITH HORIZONTAL AXIS Filed Dec. 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 21 1926.

R. MAINELLI RUDDER WITH HORIZONTAL AXIS Filed Dec. a. 1925 2 heets-Sheet 2 lg, H TTY.

Patented Sept. 21, 1926.

- UNITED ST TES RQBERTO MAINELLI, or NAPLES, ITALY.

RiInnER WITH HORIZONTAL AXIS.

Application filed December 8, 1925, Serial 74,037, an in Italy .j'anuary 2, 1925.

The present invention relates toa rubber with horizontal axis for hulls of sea boats or flying machines characterized in that no resistanceis opposed to the movement of the hull when going straight ahead, that is when the hull has not to deviate from a straight being like the half of a bell (divided by a nearly axial plane).

The invention is illustrated in the accom- .l

panying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a back elevation of the rudder.

Fig. 2 is a vetrical longitudinal section of the rudder.

Fig. 3 is the rudder shown in Fig. 2 but applied to the stern of a ship.

Fig. 4 shows a back elevation of a stern rudder according to invention but rotated about 90 to the left.

Fig. 5'is a plan view of Figs. 3 and 4, the rudder being, however, rotated to the right about 90, the openingprovided in the submerged hull or bottom of the ship being shown at the same time.

Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal vertical section of a modification of the invention, the rudder being provided with two blades.

Fig. 7 shows a longitudinal vertical sec tion of a further modification, the rudder lying outside the ship.

The rudder is allowed to rotate according to a horizontal or nearly horizontal axis placed in symmetry plane of the ship.

The rudder is shaped like half of a bell or more exactly the shape resembles a surface of revolution having for its own rotation axis the rotation axis of the rudder, the generating line being a section of a right line or curve with one end on the axis of rotation, the other end on a circumference lying in a plane perpendicular tothe axis of rotation the centre being on the same axis.

This surface of revolution does not comprise the whole circumference, but is generally limited to 180, or even less.

lVith reference to Figures 1 and 2, whatevermay be the modification of the inventhe external surface of the submerged hull or bottom of-the ship, the said bull .or bottom being accordingly provided with a slit 8 generally submerged, out of which the rudder miy project by about 90 on the right or The mass of the blade 2 forms, with respect to axle 1, a system in unstable equilibrium, the equilibrium is restored to the indifferent condition by means of a counterweight 5 provided on the part of the axle inside the ship (Fig.

There also is keyed the gear 6 engaged with pinion 7 connected to the servomotor of the rudder, as generally used today for the rudders with vertical axis; 8 in Fig. 6 shows the slit of the chamber outof which the rudder enters into the water to cause the socalled dissymmetry of careen.

Suchslit, impairing of course the resistance of the careen must be reinforced by devices technically known in the art.

The edges of said slit may lie in to the submerged hull or bottom without interruption or the edge lying astern may be bent inside in such away as to form a step on the hull or bottom so that the resistance opposed to the movement is diminished. Small lids may be also provided to be shut when steering course. v

The rudder according to invention and above description, when the ship is on the But if desired the rudder may be more or less rapidly Worked by using servo'motors of a comparatively very small power.

The rudder according to invention may however also be arranged outside the ship as illustrated in Fig. 7 and be provided With two, three or more blades With openings or not, and reinforced or not by convenient devices.

Many dill'erent modifications of the invention especially as to the shape of the rudder may be suggested, the invention being applicable not only to Water craft, but also to air craft and submersible apparatus of every kind, all said modifications being comprised Within the scope of the invention.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in What manner the same is to be performed'I declare that What I claim is Rudder for dirigible marine and aerial vehicles, having no portion projecting'in its inoperative position, from the body or hull of the vehicle and having its horizontal or nearly horizontal aXis placed in the vertical plane of symmetry of said vehicle, the blade of said rudder having the shape of a surface of revolution generated by the revolution, through an angle of 180 around said horizontal axis, of a portion of a line right or curved With one end of said axis.

In testimony whereof I, have hereunto signed my name.

ROBERTO MAINELLI. 

